In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: aoe: fix the potential use-after-free problem in more places For fixing CVE-2023-6270, f98364e92662 ("aoe: fix the potential use-after-free problem in aoecmdcfgpkts") makes tx() calling devput() instead of doing in aoecmdcfgpkts(). It avoids that the tx() runs into use-after-free. Then Nicolai Stange found more places in aoe have potential use-after-free problem with tx(). e.g. revalidate(), aoecmdatarw(), resend(), probe() and aoecmdcfgrsp(). Those functions also use aoenetxmit() to push packet to tx queue. So they should also use devhold() to increase the refcnt of skb->dev. On the other hand, moving devput() to tx() causes that the refcnt of skb->dev be reduced to a negative value, because corresponding devhold() are not called in revalidate(), aoecmdatarw(), resend(), probe(), and aoecmdcfg_rsp(). This patch fixed this issue.