A deserialization issue in Kibana can lead to arbitrary code execution when Kibana attempts to parse a YAML document containing a crafted payload. A successful attack requires a malicious user to have a combination of both specific Elasticsearch indices privileges https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/defining-roles.html#roles-indices-priv and Kibana privileges https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/fleet/current/fleet-roles-and-privileges.html assigned to them.
The following Elasticsearch indices permissions are required
Any of the following Kibana privileges are additionally required
{ "cpes": [ "cpe:2.3:a:elasticsearch:kibana:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*" ], "severity": "Critical" }