OESA-2025-2118

The Linux Kernel, the operating system core itself.

Security Fix(es):

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nf_tables: avoid skb access on nf_stolen

When verdict is NF_STOLEN, the skb might have been freed.

When tracing is enabled, this can result in a use-after-free:

1. access to skb->nf_trace
2. access to skb->mark
3. computation of trace id
4. dump of packet payload

To avoid 1, keep a cached copy of skb->nf_trace in the trace state struct. Refresh this copy whenever verdict is != STOLEN.

Avoid 2 by skipping skb->mark access if verdict is STOLEN.

3 is avoided by precomputing the trace id.

Only dump the packet when verdict is not "STOLEN".(CVE-2022-49622)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nfsd: release svc_expkey/svc_export with rcu_work

The last reference for cache_head can be reduced to zero in c_show and e_show(using rcu_read_lock and rcu_read_unlock). Consequently, svc_export_put and expkey_put will be invoked, leading to two issues:

1. The svc_export_put will directly free ex_uuid. However, e_show/c_show will access ex_uuid after cache_put, which can trigger a use-after-free issue, shown below.

   ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in svc_export_show+0x362/0x430 [nfsd] Read of size 1 at addr ff11000010fdc120 by task cat/870

   CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 870 Comm: cat Not tainted 6.12.0-rc3+ #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.1-2.fc37 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x53/0x70 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x3a0 print_report+0xb9/0x280 kasan_report+0xae/0xe0 svc_export_show+0x362/0x430 [nfsd] c_show+0x161/0x390 [sunrpc] seq_read_iter+0x589/0x770 seq_read+0x1e5/0x270 proc_reg_read+0xe1/0x140 vfs_read+0x125/0x530 ksys_read+0xc1/0x160 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

   Allocated by task 830: kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 __kasan_kmalloc+0x8f/0xa0 __kmalloc_node_track_caller_noprof+0x1bc/0x400 kmemdup_noprof+0x22/0x50 svc_export_parse+0x8a9/0xb80 [nfsd] cache_do_downcall+0x71/0xa0 [sunrpc] cache_write_procfs+0x8e/0xd0 [sunrpc] proc_reg_write+0xe1/0x140 vfs_write+0x1a5/0x6d0 ksys_write+0xc1/0x160 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

   Freed by task 868: kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60 __kasan_slab_free+0x37/0x50 kfree+0xf3/0x3e0 svc_export_put+0x87/0xb0 [nfsd] cache_purge+0x17f/0x1f0 [sunrpc] nfsd_destroy_serv+0x226/0x2d0 [nfsd] nfsd_svc+0x125/0x1e0 [nfsd] write_threads+0x16a/0x2a0 [nfsd] nfsctl_transaction_write+0x74/0xa0 [nfsd] vfs_write+0x1a5/0x6d0 ksys_write+0xc1/0x160 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

2. We cannot sleep while using rcu_read_lock/rcu_read_unlock. However, svc_export_put/expkey_put will call path_put, which subsequently triggers a sleeping operation due to the following dput.

   ============================= WARNING: suspicious RCU usage 5.10.0-dirty #141 Not tainted

   ... Call Trace: dump_stack+0x9a/0xd0 ___might_sleep+0x231/0x240 dput+0x39/0x600 path_put+0x1b/0x30 svc_export_put+0x17/0x80 e_show+0x1c9/0x200 seq_read_iter+0x63f/0x7c0 seq_read+0x226/0x2d0 vfs_read+0x113/0x2c0 ksys_read+0xc9/0x170 do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1

Fix these issues by using rcu_work to help release svc_expkey/svc_export. This approach allows for an asynchronous context to invoke path_put and also facilitates the freeing of uuid/exp/key after an RCU grace period.(CVE-2024-53216)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: ufs: bsg: Set bsg_queue to NULL after removal

Currently, this does not cause any issues, but I believe it is necessary to set bsg_queue to NULL after removing it to prevent potential use-after-free (UAF) access.(CVE-2024-54458)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nfsd: make sure exp active before svc_export_show

The function e_show was called with protection from RCU. This only ensures that exp will not be freed. Therefore, the reference count for exp can drop to zero, which will trigger a refcount use-after-free warning when exp_get is called. To resolve this issue, use cache_get_rcu to ensure that exp remains active.

------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 819 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xb1/0x120 CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 819 Comm: cat Not tainted 6.12.0-rc3+ #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.1-2.fc37 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb1/0x120 ... Call Trace: <TASK> e_show+0x20b/0x230 [nfsd] seq_read_iter+0x589/0x770 seq_read+0x1e5/0x270 vfs_read+0x125/0x530 ksys_read+0xc1/0x160 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e(CVE-2024-56558)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ipv6: mcast: extend RCU protection in igmp6_send()

igmp6_send() can be called without RTNL or RCU being held.

Extend RCU protection so that we can safely fetch the net pointer and avoid a potential UAF.

Note that we no longer can use sock_alloc_send_skb() because ipv6.igmp_sk uses GFP_KERNEL allocations which can sleep.

Instead use alloc_skb() and charge the net->ipv6.igmp_sk socket under RCU protection.(CVE-2025-21759)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

rapidio: fix an API misues when rio_add_net() fails

rio_add_net() calls device_register() and fails when device_register() fails. Thus, put_device() should be used rather than kfree(). Add "mport->net = NULL;" to avoid a use after free issue.(CVE-2025-21934)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nft_tunnel: fix geneve_opt type confusion addition

When handling multiple NFTA_TUNNEL_KEY_OPTS_GENEVE attributes, the parsing logic should place every geneve_opt structure one by one compactly. Hence, when deciding the next geneve_opt position, the pointer addition should be in units of char *.

However, the current implementation erroneously does type conversion before the addition, which will lead to heap out-of-bounds write.

[ 6.989857] ================================================================== [ 6.990293] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in nft_tunnel_obj_init+0x977/0xa70 [ 6.990725] Write of size 124 at addr ffff888005f18974 by task poc/178 [ 6.991162] [ 6.991259] CPU: 0 PID: 178 Comm: poc-oob-write Not tainted 6.1.132 #1 [ 6.991655] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [ 6.992281] Call Trace: [ 6.992423] <TASK> [ 6.992586] dump_stack_lvl+0x44/0x5c [ 6.992801] print_report+0x184/0x4be [ 6.993790] kasan_report+0xc5/0x100 [ 6.994252] kasan_check_range+0xf3/0x1a0 [ 6.994486] memcpy+0x38/0x60 [ 6.994692] nft_tunnel_obj_init+0x977/0xa70 [ 6.995677] nft_obj_init+0x10c/0x1b0 [ 6.995891] nf_tables_newobj+0x585/0x950 [ 6.996922] nfnetlink_rcv_batch+0xdf9/0x1020 [ 6.998997] nfnetlink_rcv+0x1df/0x220 [ 6.999537] netlink_unicast+0x395/0x530 [ 7.000771] netlink_sendmsg+0x3d0/0x6d0 [ 7.001462] __sock_sendmsg+0x99/0xa0 [ 7.001707] ____sys_sendmsg+0x409/0x450 [ 7.002391] ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x170 [ 7.003145] __sys_sendmsg+0xea/0x170 [ 7.004359] do_syscall_64+0x5e/0x90 [ 7.005817] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8 [ 7.006127] RIP: 0033:0x7ec756d4e407 [ 7.006339] Code: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 38 aa 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 <5b> c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 83 e2 39 83 faf [ 7.007364] RSP: 002b:00007ffed5d46760 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e [ 7.007827] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ec756cc4740 RCX: 00007ec756d4e407 [ 7.008223] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00007ffed5d467f0 RDI: 0000000000000003 [ 7.008620] RBP: 00007ffed5d468a0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 [ 7.009039] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000000 [ 7.009429] R13: 00007ffed5d478b0 R14: 00007ec756ee5000 R15: 00005cbd4e655cb8

Fix this bug with correct pointer addition and conversion in parse and dump code.(CVE-2025-22056)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/vmscan: don't try to reclaim hwpoison folio

Syzkaller reports a bug as follows:

Injecting memory failure for pfn 0x18b00e at process virtual address 0x20ffd000 Memory failure: 0x18b00e: dirty swapcache page still referenced by 2 users Memory failure: 0x18b00e: recovery action for dirty swapcache page: Failed page: refcount:2 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x20ffd pfn:0x18b00e memcg:ffff0000dd6d9000 anon flags: 0x5ffffe00482011(locked|dirty|arch_1|swapbacked|hwpoison|node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0xfffff) raw: 005ffffe00482011 dead000000000100 dead000000000122 ffff0000e232a7c9 raw: 0000000000020ffd 0000000000000000 00000002ffffffff ffff0000dd6d9000 page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at mm/swap_state.c:184! Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 60 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 6.6.0-gcb097e7de84e #3 Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) pstate: 80400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : add_to_swap+0xbc/0x158 lr : add_to_swap+0xbc/0x158 sp : ffff800087f37340 x29: ffff800087f37340 x28: fffffc00052c0380 x27: ffff800087f37780 x26: ffff800087f37490 x25: ffff800087f37c78 x24: ffff800087f377a0 x23: ffff800087f37c50 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: fffffc00052c03b4 x20: 0000000000000000 x19: fffffc00052c0380 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 296f696c6f662865 x16: 7461646f7470755f x15: 747365745f6f696c x14: 6f6621284f494c4f x13: 0000000000000001 x12: ffff600036d8b97b x11: 1fffe00036d8b97a x10: ffff600036d8b97a x9 : dfff800000000000 x8 : 00009fffc9274686 x7 : ffff0001b6c5cbd3 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff0000c25896c0 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : ffff0000c25896c0 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: add_to_swap+0xbc/0x158 shrink_folio_list+0x12ac/0x2648 shrink_inactive_list+0x318/0x948 shrink_lruvec+0x450/0x720 shrink_node_memcgs+0x280/0x4a8 shrink_node+0x128/0x978 balance_pgdat+0x4f0/0xb20 kswapd+0x228/0x438 kthread+0x214/0x230 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20

I can reproduce this issue with the following steps:

1. When a dirty swapcache page is isolated by reclaim process and the page isn't locked, inject memory failure for the page. me_swapcache_dirty() clears uptodate flag and tries to delete from lru, but fails. Reclaim process will put the hwpoisoned page back to lru.

2. The process that maps the hwpoisoned page exits, the page is deleted the page will never be freed and will be in the lru forever.

3. If we trigger a reclaim again and tries to reclaim the page, add_to_swap() will trigger VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO due to the uptodate flag is cleared.

To fix it, skip the hwpoisoned page in shrink_folio_list(). Besides, the hwpoison folio may not be unmapped by hwpoison_user_mappings() yet, unmap it in shrink_folio_list(), otherwise the folio will fail to be unmaped by hwpoison_user_mappings() since the folio isn't in lru list.(CVE-2025-37834)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

KVM: x86: Reset IRTE to host control if new route isn't postable

Restore an IRTE back to host control (remapped or posted MSI mode) if the new GSI route prevents posting the IRQ directly to a vCPU, regardless of the GSI routing type. Updating the IRTE if and only if the new GSI is an MSI results in KVM leaving an IRTE posting to a vCPU.

The dangling IRTE can result in interrupts being incorrectly delivered to the guest, and in the worst case scenario can result in use-after-free, e.g. if the VM is torn down, but the underlying host IRQ isn't freed.(CVE-2025-37885)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bnxt_en: Fix out-of-bound memcpy() during ethtool -w

When retrieving the FW coredump using ethtool, it can sometimes cause memory corruption:

BUG: KFENCE: memory corruption in __bnxt_get_coredump+0x3ef/0x670 [bnxt_en] Corrupted memory at 0x000000008f0f30e8 [ ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ] (in kfence-#45): __bnxt_get_coredump+0x3ef/0x670 [bnxt_en] ethtool_get_dump_data+0xdc/0x1a0 __dev_ethtool+0xa1e/0x1af0 dev_ethtool+0xa8/0x170 dev_ioctl+0x1b5/0x580 sock_do_ioctl+0xab/0xf0 sock_ioctl+0x1ce/0x2e0 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x87/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x5c/0xf0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x78/0x80

...

This happens when copying the coredump segment list in bnxt_hwrm_dbg_dma_data() with the HWRM_DBG_COREDUMP_LIST FW command. The info->dest_buf buffer is allocated based on the number of coredump segments returned by the FW. The segment list is then DMA'ed by the FW and the length of the DMA is returned by FW. The driver then copies this DMA'ed segment list to info->dest_buf.

In some cases, this DMA length may exceed the info->dest_buf length and cause the above BUG condition. Fix it by capping the copy length to not exceed the length of info->dest_buf. The extra DMA data contains no useful information.

This code path is shared for the HWRM_DBG_COREDUMP_LIST and the HWRM_DBG_COREDUMP_RETRIEVE FW commands. The buffering is different for these 2 FW commands. To simplify the logic, we need to move the line to adjust the buffer length for HWRM_DBG_COREDUMP_RETRIEVE up, so that the new check to cap the copy length will work for both commands.(CVE-2025-37911)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sch_htb: make htb_qlen_notify() idempotent

htb_qlen_notify() always deactivates the HTB class and in fact could trigger a warning if it is already deactivated. Therefore, it is not idempotent and not friendly to its callers, like fq_codel_dequeue().

Let's make it idempotent to ease qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() callers' life.(CVE-2025-37932)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/hugetlb: fix huge_pmd_unshare() vs GUP-fast race

huge_pmd_unshare() drops a reference on a page table that may have previously been shared across processes, potentially turning it into a normal page table used in another process in which unrelated VMAs can afterwards be installed.

If this happens in the middle of a concurrent gup_fast(), gup_fast() could end up walking the page tables of another process. While I don't see any way in which that immediately leads to kernel memory corruption, it is really weird and unexpected.

Fix it with an explicit broadcast IPI through tlb_remove_table_sync_one(), just like we do in khugepaged when removing page tables for a THP collapse.(CVE-2025-38085)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

page_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring

syzbot reported a uaf in page_pool_recycle_in_ring:

BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880286045a0 by task syz.0.284/6943

CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6943 Comm: syz.0.284 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-gdfa94ce54f41 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862 __raw_spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:165 [inline] _raw_spin_unlock_bh+0x1b/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:210 spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline] ptr_ring_produce_bh include/linux/ptr_ring.h:164 [inline] page_pool_recycle_in_ring net/core/page_pool.c:707 [inline] page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x748/0xb00 net/core/page_pool.c:826 page_pool_put_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:323 [inline] page_pool_put_full_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:353 [inline] napi_pp_put_page+0x149/0x2b0 net/core/skbuff.c:1036 skb_pp_recycle net/core/skbuff.c:1047 [inline] skb_free_head net/core/skbuff.c:1094 [inline] skb_release_data+0x6c4/0x8a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1125 skb_release_all net/core/skbuff.c:1190 [inline] __kfree_skb net/core/skbuff.c:1204 [inline] sk_skb_reason_drop+0x1c9/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1242 kfree_skb_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:1263 [inline] __skb_queue_purge_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:3343 [inline]

root cause is:

page_pool_recycle_in_ring ptr_ring_produce spin_lock(&r->producer_lock); WRITE_ONCE(r->queue[r->producer++], ptr) //recycle last page to pool page_pool_release page_pool_scrub page_pool_empty_ring ptr_ring_consume page_pool_return_page //release all page __page_pool_destroy free_percpu(pool->recycle_stats); free(pool) //free

 spin_unlock(&r->producer_lock); //pool->ring uaf read

recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring);

page_pool can be free while page pool recycle the last page in ring. Add producer-lock barrier to page_pool_release to prevent the page pool from being free before all pages have been recycled.

recycle_stat_inc() is empty when CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS is not enabled, which will trigger Wempty-body build warning. Add definition for pool stat macro to fix warning.(CVE-2025-38129)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

thunderbolt: Do not double dequeue a configuration request

Some of our devices crash in tb_cfg_request_dequeue():

general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdead000000000122

CPU: 6 PID: 91007 Comm: kworker/6:2 Tainted: G U W 6.6.65 RIP: 0010:tb_cfg_request_dequeue+0x2d/0xa0 Call Trace: <TASK> ? tb_cfg_request_dequeue+0x2d/0xa0 tb_cfg_request_work+0x33/0x80 worker_thread+0x386/0x8f0 kthread+0xed/0x110 ret_from_fork+0x38/0x50 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30

The circumstances are unclear, however, the theory is that tb_cfg_request_work() can be scheduled twice for a request: first time via frame.callback from ring_work() and second time from tb_cfg_request(). Both times kworkers will execute tb_cfg_request_dequeue(), which results in double list_del() from the ctl->request_queue (the list poison deference hints at it: 0xdead000000000122).

Do not dequeue requests that don't have TB_CFG_REQUEST_ACTIVE bit set.(CVE-2025-38174)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sch_hfsc: make hfsc_qlen_notify() idempotent

hfsc_qlen_notify() is not idempotent either and not friendly to its callers, like fq_codel_dequeue(). Let's make it idempotent to ease qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() callers' life:

1. update_vf() decreases cl->cl_nactive, so we can check whether it is non-zero before calling it.

2. eltree_remove() always removes RB node cl->el_node, but we can use RB_EMPTY_NODE() + RB_CLEAR_NODE() to make it safe.(CVE-2025-38177)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: atm: fix /proc/net/atm/lec handling

/proc/net/atm/lec must ensure safety against dev_lec[] changes.

It appears it had dev_put() calls without prior dev_hold(), leading to imbalance and UAF.(CVE-2025-38180)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

HID: core: do not bypass hid_hw_raw_request

hid_hw_raw_request() is actually useful to ensure the provided buffer and length are valid. Directly calling in the low level transport driver function bypassed those checks and allowed invalid paramto be used.(CVE-2025-38494)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf/core: Prevent VMA split of buffer mappings

The perf mmap code is careful about mmap()'ing the user page with the ringbuffer and additionally the auxiliary buffer, when the event supports it. Once the first mapping is established, subsequent mapping have to use the same offset and the same size in both cases. The reference counting for the ringbuffer and the auxiliary buffer depends on this being correct.

Though perf does not prevent that a related mapping is split via mmap(2), munmap(2) or mremap(2). A split of a VMA results in perf_mmap_open() calls, which take reference counts, but then the subsequent perf_mmap_close() calls are not longer fulfilling the offset and size checks. This leads to reference count leaks.

As perf already has the requirement for subsequent mappings to match the initial mapping, the obvious consequence is that VMA splits, caused by resizing of a mapping or partial unmapping, have to be prevented.

Implement the vm_operations_struct::may_split() callback and return unconditionally -EINVAL.

That ensures that the mapping offsets and sizes cannot be changed after the fact. Remapping to a different fixed address with the same size is still possible as it takes the references for the new mapping and drops those of the old mapping.(CVE-2025-38563)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/hns: Fix double destruction of rsv_qp

rsv_qp may be double destroyed in error flow, first in free_mr_init(), and then in hns_roce_exit(). Fix it by moving the free_mr_init() call into hns_roce_v2_init().

list_del corruption, ffff589732eb9b50->next is LIST_POISON1 (dead000000000100) WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1047115 at lib/list_debug.c:53 __list_del_entry_valid+0x148/0x240 ... Call trace: __list_del_entry_valid+0x148/0x240 hns_roce_qp_remove+0x4c/0x3f0 [hns_roce_hw_v2] hns_roce_v2_destroy_qp_common+0x1dc/0x5f4 [hns_roce_hw_v2] hns_roce_v2_destroy_qp+0x22c/0x46c [hns_roce_hw_v2] free_mr_exit+0x6c/0x120 [hns_roce_hw_v2] hns_roce_v2_exit+0x170/0x200 [hns_roce_hw_v2] hns_roce_exit+0x118/0x350 [hns_roce_hw_v2] __hns_roce_hw_v2_init_instance+0x1c8/0x304 [hns_roce_hw_v2] hns_roce_hw_v2_reset_notify_init+0x170/0x21c [hns_roce_hw_v2] hns_roce_hw_v2_reset_notify+0x6c/0x190 [hns_roce_hw_v2] hclge_notify_roce_client+0x6c/0x160 [hclge] hclge_reset_rebuild+0x150/0x5c0 [hclge] hclge_reset+0x10c/0x140 [hclge] hclge_reset_subtask+0x80/0x104 [hclge] hclge_reset_service_task+0x168/0x3ac [hclge] hclge_service_task+0x50/0x100 [hclge] process_one_work+0x250/0x9a0 worker_thread+0x324/0x990 kthread+0x190/0x210 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x18(CVE-2025-38582)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

vmci: Prevent the dispatching of uninitialized payloads

The reproducer executes the host's unlocked_ioctl call in two different tasks. When init_context fails, the struct vmci_event_ctx is not fully initialized when executing vmci_datagram_dispatch() to send events to all vm contexts. This affects the datagram taken from the datagram queue of its context by another task, because the datagram payload is not initialized according to the size payload_size, which causes the kernel data to leak to the user space.

Before dispatching the datagram, and before setting the payload content, explicitly set the payload content to 0 to avoid data leakage caused by incomplete payload initialization.(CVE-2025-38611)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

pinmux: fix race causing mux_owner NULL with active mux_usecount

commit 5a3e85c3c397 ("pinmux: Use sequential access to access desc->pinmux data") tried to address the issue when two client of the same gpio calls pinctrl_select_state() for the same functionality, was resulting in NULL pointer issue while accessing desc->mux_owner. However, issue was not completely fixed due to the way it was handled and it can still result in the same NULL pointer.

The issue occurs due to the following interleaving:

 cpu0 (process A)                   cpu1 (process B)

  pin_request() {                   pin_free() {

                                     mutex_lock()
                                     desc->mux_usecount--; //becomes 0
                                     ..
                                     mutex_unlock()

mutex_lock(desc->mux) desc->mux_usecount++; // becomes 1 desc->mux_owner = owner; mutex_unlock(desc->mux)

                                     mutex_lock(desc->mux)
                                     desc->mux_owner = NULL;
                                     mutex_unlock(desc->mux)

This sequence leads to a state where the pin appears to be in use (mux_usecount == 1) but has no owner (mux_owner == NULL), which can cause NULL pointer on next pin_request on the same pin.

Ensure that updates to mux_usecount and mux_owner are performed atomically under the same lock. Only clear mux_owner when mux_usecount reaches zero and no new owner has been assigned.(CVE-2025-38632)

In the Linux kernel, a vulnerability was found in the i2c: qup driver where the original logic only sets the return value but does not break out of the loop when the bus remains active due to a client. This unexpected behavior could allow a malicious or faulty i2c client to hang the kernel. The issue was observed during long-term testing with a PCA953x GPIO extender. The fix modifies the logic to not only set the return value but also break out of the loop and return -ETIMEDOUT to the caller.(CVE-2025-38671)